Thaum tshav kub kub stabilizer yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua PVC.PVC kub stabilizer yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug me me, tab sis nws lub luag hauj lwm yog loj.Kev siv cov cua sov stabilizer hauv kev ua PVC tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias PVC tsis yooj yim rau degrade thiab ruaj khov.Covpolyethylene waxsiv nyob rau hauv PVC stabilizer yuav tsum ua kom tiav lubrication tshuav nyiaj li cas.Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom ua, nws yog conducive rau plasticization, dispersion thiab sib tov, tsim cov tsos thiab balanced txaus tus nqi;Thiab ua kom muaj cua sov thiab sib npaug tsis muaj adhesion thiab tuav;Feem ntau, nws yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm PE wax (lubricant) thiab cov theem pib, nruab nrab thiab lig.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov smoothness ntawm stabilizer yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub sab hauv thiab sab nraud smoothness.
Thaum tshav kub kub stabilizers feem ntau siv hauv kev ua PVC muaj xws li cov hlau lead ntsev stabilizers, hlau xab npum stabilizers, organotin stabilizers, tsis tshua muaj ntiaj teb stabilizers, epoxy compounds, thiab lwm yam.
Lead ntsev stabilizer
Lead ntsev yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntau tshaj plaws rau PVC, thiab nws qhov ntau npaum li cas tuaj yeem suav rau ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm PVC stabilizer.
Qhov zoo ntawm cov hmoov txhuas ntsev stabilizer: zoo heev thermal stability, lub sij hawm ntev thermal stability, zoo heev hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev thiab zoo huab cua tsis kam.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov hmoov lead ntsev stabilizer: tsis zoo dispersion, siab toxicity, thawj xim, nyuaj kom tau cov khoom pob tshab thiab cov xim ci ci, tsis muaj lubricity, thiaj li tsim cov sulfur thiab cais cov pa phem.
Feem ntau siv lead ntsev stabilizers yog:
Tribasic lead sulfate, molecular mis: 3PbO · PbSO4 · H2O, code TLS, hmoov dawb, ceev 6.4g/cm3.Tribasic lead sulfate yog ib qho khoom siv stabilizer.Nws feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog dibasic lead phosphite.Lubricant yuav tsum tau ntxiv vim nws tsis muaj lubrication.Nws yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv PVC nyuaj opaque khoom, thiab qhov ntau npaum yog feem ntau 2 ~ 7 qhov chaw.
Dibasic lead phosphite, molecular mis: 2PbO · pbhpo3 · 1 / 2H2O, code DL, hmoov dawb, ntom 6.1g/cm3.Lub thermal stability ntawm dibasic lead phosphite yog me ntsis qis dua li ntawm tribasic lead sulfate, tab sis huab cua tsis kam yog zoo dua li ntawm tribasic lead sulfate.Dibasic lead phosphite feem ntau yog siv ua ke nrog tribasic lead sulfate, thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas feem ntau yog ib nrab ntawm tribasic lead sulfate.
Dibasic lead stearate, code hu ua DLS, tsis zoo li tribasic lead sulfate thiab dibasic lead phosphite thiab muaj lubricity.Nws yog feem ntau siv ua ke nrog tribasic lead sulfate thiab dibasic lead phosphite nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 0.5 ~ 1.5 phr.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj cov hmoov lead ntsev stabilizer ya mus, ua phem rau qhov chaw tsim khoom thiab txhim kho cov nyhuv dispersion ntawm stabilizer, tsis muaj hmoov av tsis muaj hmoov txhuas ntsev cua sov stabilizer tau tsim thiab siv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws.Txoj kev tsim khoom yog:
Nyob rau hauv cov cua kub thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke, ntau cov hmoov lead ntsev stabilizers thiab auxiliary heat stabilizers nrog synergistic los yog tag nrho dispersed thiab tov nrog sab hauv thiab sab nrauv lubricants los ua granular los yog flake lead ntsev puas stabilizers.Nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm thermal stability thiab sab hauv thiab sab nraud lubrication los ntawm kev ntxiv rau PVC cob raws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm qhov chaw (tsis ntxiv lwm yam stabilizers thiab lubricants).
Nws tau tshaj tawm tias cov hmoov lead ntsev stabilizer siv hauv kev tsim cov hmoov av tsis muaj hmoov txhuas ntsev sib xyaw stabilizer muaj cov khoom zoo, uas ua rau thaj tsam ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hydrogen chloride.Vim nws yog compounded nrog rau sab hauv thiab sab nraud lubricants, nws muaj zoo heev dispersion, ho txhim kho thermal stability efficiency thiab txo npaum li cas.
Hlau xab npum
Tus nqi ntawm lub ntsiab stabilizer yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws tom qab txhuas ntsev.Txawm hais tias nws cov thermal stability tsis zoo li txhuas ntsev, nws kuj muaj lubricity.Nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom tshwj tsis yog CD thiab Pb, pob tshab tshwj tsis yog Pb thiab Ca, thiab tsis muaj kuab paug vulcanization.Yog li ntawd, nws yog dav siv hauv cov mos PVC, xws li tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab pob tshab.
Cov xab npum hlau tuaj yeem yog hlau ( txhuas, barium, cadmium, zinc, calcium, thiab lwm yam) ntsev ntawm fatty acids (lauric acid, stearic acid, naphthenic acid, thiab lwm yam), ntawm cov stearate feem ntau siv.Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm thermal stability yog: zinc ntsev> cadmium ntsev> lead ntsev> calcium ntsev / barium ntsev.
Cov xab npum hlau feem ntau tsis siv ib leeg.Lawv feem ntau siv los ntawm cov hlau soaps los yog ua ke nrog cov ntsev ntsev thiab cov organic tin.
Zinc stearate (znst), tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab pob tshab, yooj yim ua rau "zinc hlawv", uas feem ntau siv ua ke nrog BA thiab Ca soaps.
Calcium stearate (CAST), nrog rau kev ua tau zoo, tsis muaj sulfide kuab paug thiab pob tshab, feem ntau siv ua ke nrog Zn xab npum.
Cadmium stearate (cdst), uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb pob tshab stabilizer, muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo thiab tsis tiv taus cov pa phem sulfide.Nws feem ntau siv ua ke nrog BA xab npum.
Lead stearate (PBST), nrog zoo thermal stability, kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua roj nplua nyeem.Qhov tsis zoo yog yooj yim los nag, tsis pom zoo, muaj kuab lom thiab muaj kuab lom sulfide loj.Nws feem ntau siv ua ke nrog BA thiab CD xab npum.
Barium stearate (BST), non-toxic, anti sulfide pollution, pob tshab, feem ntau siv nrog Pb thiab Ca soaps.
Cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias cov hlau xab npum kub stabilizer feem ntau tsis haum rau siv ib leeg, thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm kev siv sib xyaw.Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm anionic ib feem, synergist, hnyav los yog dispersion ntawm hlau xab npum kub stabilizer, composite hlau xab npum kub stabilizer yuav muab faib ua khoom thiab kua.
Calcium stearate thiab zinc yog non-toxic heat stabilizers nrog tus nqi qis, uas yog tsim rau PVC cov khoom rau ntim khoom noj.Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias zinc xab npum stabilizer muaj lub zog ionization siab, ua haujlwm nrog allyl chloride ntawm PVC molecule, tuaj yeem ua kom ruaj khov PVC thiab inhibit qhov xim thawj zaug.Txawm li cas los xij, ZnCl2 ua los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib qho catalyst rau tshem tawm HCl thiab tuaj yeem txhawb kev degradation ntawm PVC.Cov tshuaj calcium uas sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog hnov mob nrog HCl, tab sis kuj ua rau ZnCl2 los tsim CaCl2 thiab rov tsim cov zinc xab npum.CaCl2 tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam catalytic ntawm kev tshem tawm HCl, thiab cov complexation ntawm ZnCl2 nrog calcium derivatives tuaj yeem txo nws cov peev xwm catalytic rau kev tshem tawm HCl.Kev sib xyaw ntawm epoxy compounds nrog calcium thiab zinc soaps muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.Feem ntau, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg muaj peev xwm ua kom sov yog tsim los ntawm calcium stearate, zinc stearate thiab epoxy soybean oleate.Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias, β- Kev sib xyaw ntawm diketone tshiab auxiliary heat stabilizer thiab calcium thiab zinc xab npum stabilizer txhawb kev nthuav dav ntawm kev siv cov calcium uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab zinc puas stabilizer.Nws yog siv rau hauv qee cov khoom ntim khoom noj xws li PVC fwj thiab ntawv.
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