Polyethylene wax is polyethylene with low molecular weight (<1000), and is a common auxiliary in plastic processing industry. The use of polyethylene wax in plastic extrusion molding can improve the fluidity of materials, increase production, and allow higher filler concentration.

Pe wax is widely used in color masterbatch processing. The purpose of adding polyethylene wax is not only to change the processing performance of color masterbatch system, but also to promote the dispersion of pigments in color masterbatch. The dispersion of pigment is very important for color masterbatch, and the quality of color masterbatch mainly depends on the dispersion of pigment. Good dispersion of pigments, high coloring power of color masterbatch, good coloring quality of products, and low cost. Polyethylene wax can improve the dispersion level of pigment to a certain extent, and is a common dispersant in the production of color masterbatch.Due to different manufacturing methods, polyethylene wax can be divided into two types: polymerization type and pyrolysis type. The former is a by-product of high-pressure polyethylene polymerization, and the latter is formed by polyethylene thermal cracking. Because polyethylene wax with different molecular structure can be divided into high and low density, which is similar to polyethylene. Due to the differences in manufacturing method, density, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular structure of polyethylene wax, its application performance in color masterbatch is also different.

Preparation of polyethylene wax by pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the main method of producing polyethylene wax in China. The high molecular weight pure polyethylene or waste polyethylene plastic is pyrolysed into polyethylene wax at high temperature. Its product quality and properties (such as hardness, melting point, apparent color, etc.) are greatly affected by the source of cracking raw materials. The process of pyrolysis is relatively simple, the source of raw materials is rich, and the operating cost is low. It can realize the reuse of waste polyethylene, with good economic benefits.

The existing cracking processes include thermal cracking, solvent-assisted cracking and catalytic cracking. Among them, thermal cracking is the simplest. Polyethylene wax products can be prepared by controlling the reaction temperature and time, but it requires considerable energy consumption.

Xue Ping and others from Beijing University of Chemical Technology carried out the research on the preparation of polyethylene wax by pyrolysis of PE resin at high temperature in a single-screw extruder. A heater was added on the connecting pipe between the extruder and the cooling tank to heat the material in it, and the optimum cracking temperature was 420 ℃, realizing the continuous production of polyethylene wax by pyrolysis of PE resin.

Zhang Jianyu and others studied using Al-MCM-48 as catalyst to catalyze the decomposition of waste polyethylene to prepare polyethylene wax in autoclave, with reaction temperature of 360~380 ℃ and reaction time of 4 h. The use of catalyst reduces the reaction activation energy, the temperature required for cracking and energy consumption. Wang Lulu and others improved the yield of polyethylene wax by solvent-assisted pyrolysis of polyethylene waste plastics, and investigated the effects of different solvents and reaction conditions on the yield and performance of wax products. The test shows that the yield of polyethylene wax can be improved by using aromatic solvents, and the yield can reach 87.88% when using mixed xylene as solvent. Aromatic solvents can also improve the product quality to a certain extent, and light yellow polyethylene wax can be obtained.
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